I beam pointer - translation to german
![[[Daniela Silivaș]] performing on the balance beam at the 1987 World Championships](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Daniela Silivaş 1987b.jpg?width=200 "[[Daniela Silivaș]] performing on the balance beam at the 1987 World Championships")
![[[Daniele Hypólito]] performing on the balance beam in 2007](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Daniele Hypólito 16072007.jpg?width=200 "[[Daniele Hypólito]] performing on the balance beam in 2007")
![[[Dorina Böczögő]] performing a one arm press hold during her mount, 2012.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dorina Böczögő, balance beam, 2012.jpg?width=200 "[[Dorina Böczögő]] performing a one arm press hold during her mount, 2012.")
![2013 European Youth Olympic Festival]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mori trave EOYF 2013.jpg?width=200 "2013 European Youth Olympic Festival]].")
![A diagram showing a [[Crookes tube]] connected to a high voltage supply. The Maltese cross has no external electrical connection.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Crookes tube2 diagram.svg?width=200 "A diagram showing a [[Crookes tube]] connected to a high voltage supply. The Maltese cross has no external electrical connection.")
![[[Glow discharge]] in a low-pressure tube caused by electric current.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Glow discharge regions.jpg?width=200 "[[Glow discharge]] in a low-pressure tube caused by electric current.")
.jpg?width=200 "Crookes tube. The cathode (negative terminal) is on the right. The anode (positive terminal) is in the base of the tube at bottom.")
![Cathode rays travel from the cathode at the rear of the tube, striking the glass front, making it glow green by [[fluorescence]]. A metal cross in the tube casts a shadow, demonstrating that the rays travel in straight lines.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Katódsugarak mágneses mezőben(2).jpg?width=200 "Cathode rays travel from the cathode at the rear of the tube, striking the glass front, making it glow green by [[fluorescence]]. A metal cross in the tube casts a shadow, demonstrating that the rays travel in straight lines.")
.jpg?width=200 "A magnet creates a horizontal magnetic field through the neck of the tube, bending the rays up, so the shadow of the cross is higher.")
.jpg?width=200 "When the magnet is reversed, it bends the rays down, so the shadow is lower. The pink glow is caused by cathode rays striking residual gas atoms in the tube.")
Definition
Wikipedia
A swing axle is a simple type of independent (rear wheel) suspension designed and patented by Edmund Rumpler in 1903. This was a revolutionary invention in automotive suspension, allowing driven (powered) wheels to follow uneven road surfaces independently, thus enabling the vehicle's wheels to maintain better road contact and holding; plus each wheel's reduced unsprung weight means their movements have less impact on the vehicle as a whole. The first automotive application was the Rumpler Tropfenwagen, later followed by the Mercedes 130H/150H/170H, the Standard Superior, the Volkswagen Beetle and its derivatives, the Chevrolet Corvair, and the roll-over prone M151 jeep amongst others.
Some later automobile rear swing axles have universal joints connecting the driveshafts to the differential, which is attached to the chassis. Swing axles do not have universal joints at the wheels — the wheels are always perpendicular to the driveshafts; the design is therefore not suitable for a car's front wheels, which require steering motion. Nevertheless, a simplified variant, wherein the differential remained fixed to one of the halfshafts, was offered optionally on the 1963 Jeep Wagoneer's front axle, upon its market introduction.
Swing axle suspensions conventionally used leaf springs and shock absorbers, though later Mercedes-Benz applications used coil springs.
It was also used in early aircraft (1910 or before), such as the Sopwith and Fokker, usually with rubber bungee and no damping.
